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Wetland and Aquatic Plants of Oklahoma

Bruce W. Hoagland

List of Species by Family

Acanthus (Acanthaceae) Morning-glory (Convolvulaceae) Duckweeds (Lemnaceae) Riverweed (Podostemaceae)
Maples (Aceraceae) Dogwoods (Cornaceae) Bladderworts (Lentibulariaceae) Smartweeds (Polygonaceae)
Sweetflag (Acoraceae) Stonecrops (Crassulaceae) Lilies (Liliacaeae) Mudplantains (Pontederiaceae)
Water plantains (Alismataceae) Sedge family (Cyperaceae) Logania (Loganiaceae) Pondweeds (Potamogetonaceae)
Sunflowers (Asteraceae) Sundews (Droseraceae) Loosestrife (Lythraceae) Primroses (Primulaceae)
Eryngo (Apiaceae) Wood fern (Dryopteridaceae)
Mallows (Malvaceae) Buttercups (Ranunculaceae)
Holly (Aquifoliaceae) Waterworts (Elatinaceae) Alligator-flag (Marantaceae) Hawthorn (Rosaceae)
Arum (Araceae) Blueberries Ericaceae Water fern (Marsileaceae)
Madder (Rubiaceae)
Palmetto (Arecaceae) Pipeworts (Eriocaulaceae) Floating hearts (Menyanthaceae) Widgeongrass (Ruppiaceae)
Mosquitoferns (Azollaceae) Legumes (Fabaceae) Carpet weeds (Molluginaceae) Willows (Saliacaeae)
Birches and alders (Betualaceae) Oaks (Fagaceae) Water-nymphs (Najadaceae) Lizard's tail (Saururaceae)
Chain Fern (Blechnaceae) Gentains (Gentianaceae) Water lotus (Nelumbonaceae) Saxifrages (Saxifragaceae)
Borages (Boraginaceae) Gooseberry (Grossulariaceae) Waterlilies (Nymphaceae) Snapdragons (Scrophulariaceae)
Mustards (Brassicaceae) Water-milfoil (Haloragaceae) Tupeloes (Nyssacae) Bur-reed (Sparganiaceae)
Fanworts (Cabombaceae) Gums (Hamamelidaceae) Grapefern (Ophioglossaceae)
Snowbells (Styraceae)
Water starwort (Callitrichaceae) Frog-bits (Hydrocharitaceae) Ashes (Oleaceae) Saltcedar (Tamaricaceae)
Bellflower (Campanulaceae) Waterleaf (Hydrophyllaceae) Evening primroses (Onagraceae) Swamp cypress (Taxodiaceae)
Honeysuckle (Caprifoliaceae) Irises (Iridaceae) Orchids (Orchidaceae) Cattails (Typhaceae)
Hornworts (Ceratophyllaceae) Hickories (Juglandaceae) Royal Fern (Osmundaceae)
Elms (Ulmaceae)
Saint Johnswort (Clusiaceae) Rushes (Juncaceae) Sycamore (Platanaceae) Vervain (Verbenaceae)
Dayflower (Commelinaceae) Mints (Lamiaceae) Grasses (Poaceae) Horned pondweeds (Zannichelliaceae)

Acanthus (Acanthaceae)

American water-willow (Justicia americana (L.) Vahl)

            Looseflower water-willow (Justicia ovata (Walt.) Lindau)

Maples (Aceraceae)

            Red maple (Acer rubrum L.)

            Boxelder (Acer negundo L.) 

Sweetflag (Acoraceae)

            Sweetflag (Acorus calamus L.)

 Water plantains (Alismataceae)

          Water plantain (Alisma sp.)

            Water plantain (Alisma subcordatum Raf.)

          Burheads (Echinodorus spp.)

            Upright burrhead (Echinodorus berteroi (Spreng.) Fassett )

            Creeping burhead (Echinodorus  cordifolius (L.) Griseb.)

            Lanceleaf burrhead (Echinodorus tenellus (Mart.) Buch.)

          Duck potatoes or arrowheads (Sagittaria spp.)

            Kansas arrowhead (Sagittaria ambigua  J.G. Sm.)

            Shortbeak arrowhead (Sagittaria brevirostra Mackenzie & Bush)

            Arumleaf arrowhead (Sagittaria cuneata  Sheldon)

            Grassy arrowhead (Sagittaria graminea Michx.)

            Bulltongue arrowhead (Sagittaria lancifolia L.)

            Duck potato (Sagittaria latifolia Willd.)

            Narrowleaf duck potato (Sagittaria longiloba Engelm. ex J.G. Sm.)

            Delta arrowhead (Sagittaria  platyphylla  (Engelm.) J.G. Sm.)

            Nipplebract arrowhead (Sagittaria papillosa Buch.)

Eryngo (Apiaceae)

          Waterparsnip (Berula sp.)

            Cutleaf waterparsnip (Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville)

          Water hemlock (Cicuta sp.)

            Spotted water hemlock (Cicuta maculata L.)

          Poison hemlock (Conium sp.)

            Poison hemlock (Conium maculatum L.)

         Dogshade (Cynosciadium sp.)

            Finger dogshade (Cynosciadium digitatum DC.)

         Eryngo (Eryngium sp.)

            Hooker's eryngo (Eryngium hookeri Walp.)

            Blueflower eryngo (Eryngium integrifolium Walt.)

            Creeping eryngo (Eryngium prostratum Nutt. ex DC.)

          Pennyworts (Hydrocotyle spp.)

            Floating pennywort (Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L. f.)  

Umbrella pennywort (Hydrocotyle umbellata L.)  

            Whorled pennywort (Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb.)  

          Tansy dogshade (Limnosciadium sp.)

            Tansy dogshade (Limnosciadium pinnatum (DC.) Mathias & Constance) 

          Mockbishopweed (Ptilimnium spp.)

            Ribbed mock bishopweed (Ptilimnium costatum (Ell.) Raf.)

            Threadlead mockbishopweed (Ptilimnium capillaceum (Michx.) Raf.)

            Cowbane (Oxypolis sp.)

            Stiff cowbane (Oxypolis rigidior (L.) Raf.)                  

Holly (Aquifoliaceae)

            Deciduous holly (Ilex decidua Walt.)

Arum (Araceae)

            Arrow arum (Peltandra virginica (L.) Schott)

Palmetto (Arecaceae) 

           
Dwarf palmetto (Sabal minor (Jacq.) Pers.)

Sunflowers (Asteraceae) 

          Beggarstick (Bidens spp.)

            Bearded beggarticks (Bidens aristosa (Michx.) Britt.)

            Bigelow's beggarticks (Bidens bigelovii Gray)

            Nodding beggartick (Bidens cernua L.)

            Small beggarticks (Bidens discoidea (Torr. & Gray) Britt.)

            Devil's beggartick (Bidens frondosa L.)

            Smooth beggartick (Bidens laevis (L.) B.S.P.)
 

          Starwort (Boltonia sp.)

            Starwort (Boltonia asteroides (L.) L'Hér.)  

                        Spiny aster (Chloracantha sp.)                        

            Spiny aster (Chloracantha spinosa (Benth.) Nesom)

          Thistle (Cirsium sp.)

            Swamp thistle (Cirsium muticum Michx.)  

          Eclipta (Eclipta sp.)

            Yerba de Tajo (Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk)

          Boneset (Eupatorium spp.)

            Common boneset (Eupatorium perfoliatum L.)

            Goldentop (Euthamia spp.)

            Flat-top goldentop (Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt.)

            Bushy goldentop (Euthamia leptocephala (Torr. & Gray) Greene)

            Sneezeweed (Helenium spp.)

            Common sneezeweed (Helenium autumnale L.)

            Purplehead sneezeweed (Helenium flexuosum Raf.)

            Coneflower (Rudbeckia sp.)

            Cutleaf coneflower (Rudbeckia laciniata L.)

          Aster (Symphyotrichum spp.)

            Saltmarsh aster (Symphyotrichum subulatum (Michx.) Nesom) 

Mosquitoferns (Azollaceae)

            Carolina mosquitofern (Azolla caroliniana Willd.)

            Mexican mosquitofern (Azolla mexicana Schlecht. & Cham. ex K. Presl )

Birches and alders (Betualaceae)

            Alder (Alnus spp.)

            Hazel alder (Alnus serrulata (Ait.) Willd.)

            Seaside alder (Alnus maritima (Marsh.) Muhl. ex Nutt. )

           Birch (Betula sp.)

            River birch (Betula nigra L.)

Chain Fern (Blechnaceae)

            Netted chainfern (Woodwardia areolata (L.) T. Moore) 

Borages (Boraginaceae)

            Salt heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum L.)

            Fourspike heliotrope (Heliotropium procumbens P. Mill.)

Mustards (Brassicaceae) 

            Bittercress (Cardamine sp.)

            Bittercress (Cardamine bulbosa (Schreb. ex Muhl.) B.S.P.)

            Lakecress (Neobeckia sp.)

            Lakecress (Neobeckia aquatica (Eat.) Greene)

            Watercress (Rorippa sp.)

            Watercress (Rorippa nasturtium_aquaticum (L.) Hayek)

            Stalkless yellowcress (Rorippa sessiliflora (Nutt.) A.S. Hitchc.)

            Spreading yellowcress (Rorippa sinuata (Nutt.) A.S. Hitchc.)

Fanworts (Cabombaceae) 

          Fanwort (Cabomba sp.)

            Carolina fanwort (Cabomba caroliniana Gray)

            Watershield (Brasenia sp.)

            Watershield (Brasenia schreberi  J.F. Gmel.)

Water starwort (Callitrichaceae)

            Water starwort (Callitriche heterophylla Pursh) 

Bellflower (Campanulaceae)

            Cardinalflower (Lobelia cardinalis L.)

            Downy lobelia (Lobelia puberula Michx..)

            Great blue lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica L.) 

Honeysuckle (Caprifoliaceae)

            Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis L.)

Hornworts (Ceratophyllaceae)

Coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum L.)

            Spineless coontail (Ceratophyllum echinatum Gray)

Saint Johnswort (Clusiaceae)

          St. Johnswort (Hypericum sp.)

            Dwarf St. Johnswort (Hypericum mutilum L.)  

          Marsh St. Johnswort (Triadenum spp.)

            Lesser marsh St. Johnswort (Triadenum tubulosum (Walt.) Gleason)

            Virginia marsh St. Johnswort (Triadenum virginicum (L.) Raf.)

            Greater marsh St. Johnswort (Triadenum walteri (J.G. Gmel.) Gleason)

Dayflower (Commelinaceae)

            Climbing dayflower (Commelina diffusa Burm. f.)

            Virginia dayflower (Commelina virginica L.)

Morning-glory (Convolvulaceae)

            Spreading alkaliweed (Cressa truxillensis Kunth)

Dogwoods (Cornaceae)
 
            Stiff dogwood (Cornus foemina P. Mill.)

Stonecrops (Crassulaceae) 

            Ditch stonecrop (Penthorum sedoides L.)  

Sedge family (Cyperaceae)

          Sedges (Carex spp.)

Eastern narrowleaf sedge (Carex amphibola Steud.)

            Prickly bog sedge (Carex atlantica Bailey)

            Bush's sedge (Carex bushii Mackenzie)

            Buxbaum's sedge (Carex buxbaumii Wahlenb.)

            Carolina sedge (Carex caroliniana Schwein.)

            Crawe's sedge (Carex crawei Dewey)

            Fringed sedge (Carex crinita Lam.)

            Ravenfoot sedge (Carex crus-corvi Shuttlw. ex Kunze)

            White edge sedge (Carex debilis Michx.)

            Cypressknee sedge (Carex decomposita Muhl.)

            Hammock sedge (Carex fissa Mackenzie)

            Fescue sedge (Carex festucacea Schkuhr ex Willd.)

            Frank's sedge (Carex frankii Kunth)

            Giant sedge (Carex gigantea Rudge)

            Limestone meadow sedge (Carex granularis Muhl. ex Willd.)

            Gray's sedge (Carex grayi Carey)

            Tissue sedge (Carex hyalina Boott)

            Shoreline sedge (Carex hyalinolepis Steud.)

            Bottlebrush sedge (Carex hystericina Muhl. ex Willd.)

           Greater bladder sedge (Carex intumescens Rudge)

            Cypress swamp sedge (Carex joorii Bailey)

            Smoothsheath sedge (Carex laevivaginata (Knkenth.) Mackenzie)

            Bristlystalked sedge (Carex leptalea Wahlenb.)

            Long's sedge (Carex longii Mackenzie)

            Hop sedge (Carex lupulina Muhl. ex Willd.)

            Shallow sedge (Carex lurida Wahlenb.)

            Littletooth sedge (Carex microdonta Torr. & Hook.)

            Muskingum sedge (Carex muskingumensis Schwein.)

            Sharpscale sedge (Carex oxylepis Torr. & Hook.)

            Woolly sedge (Carex pellita Muhl ex Willd.)

            Kidneyshape sedge (Carex reniformis (Bailey) Small)

            Short's sedge (Carex shortiana Dewey)

            Tussock sedge (Carex stricta Lam.)

            Squarrose sedge (Carex squarrosa L.)

            Owlfruit sedge (Carex stipata Muhl. ex Willd.)

            Eastern straw sedge (Carex straminea Willd. ex Schkuhr)

            Britton's sedge (Carex tetrastachya Scheele)

            Fox sedge (Carex vulpinoidea Michx.)

            Flatsedges or umbrella sedges (Cyperus spp.)

Tapertip flatsedge (Cyperus acuminatus Torr. & Hook. ex Torr.)

            Poorland flatsedge (Cyperus compressus L.)  

            Redroot flatsedge (Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl.)

            Yellow flatsedge (Cyperus flavescens L.)

            Ricefield flatsedge (Cyperus iria L.)

            Fragrant flatsedge (Cyperus odoratus L.)

            Manyspike flatsedge (Cyperus polystachyos Rottb.)

            Marsh flatsedge (Cyperus pseudovegetus Steud.)

            Bearded flatsedge (Cyperus squarrosus L.)

            Strawcolored flatsedge (Cyperus strigosus L. )

            Threeway sedge (Dulichium sp.)

            Threeway sedge (Dulichium arundinaceum (L.) Britt.)  
      
          Spikerushes (Eleocharis spp.)

            Needle spikerush (Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes)

            Purple spikerush (Eleocharis atropurpurea (Retz.) J. &. K. Presl)

            Flatstem spikerush (Eleocharis compressa Sullivant)

            Engelmann's spikerush (Eleocharis engelmannii Steud.)

            Bald spikerush (Eleocharis erythropoda Steud.)

            Canada spikerush (Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes)

            Daggerleaf spikerush (Eleocharis lanceolata Fern.)

            Sand spikerush (Eleocharis montevidensis Kunth)

            Blunt spikerush (Eleocharis obtusa (Willd.) J.A. Schultes)

            Common spikerush (Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes)

Dwarf spikerush (Eleocharis parvula (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Link ex Bluff, Nees & Schauer)

            Squarestem spikerush  (Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes)

            Rooted spikerush (Eleocharis radicans (A. Dietr.) Kunth)

            Beaked spikerush (Eleocharis rostellata (Torr.) Torr.)

            Slender spikerush (Eleocharis tenuis (Willd.) J.A. Schultes)
     
         
Fimbry (Fimbristylis spp.)

            Annual fimbry (Fimbristylis annua (All.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes)

            Slender fimbry (Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes)

            Vahl's fimbry (Fimbristylis vahlii (Lam.) Link)

          Umbrella-sedge (Fuirnea spp.)

            Western umbrella-sedge (Fuirena simplex Vahl )

            Hairy umbrella-sedge (Fuirena squarrosa Michx.)

          Spikesedge (Kyllingia spp.)

            Shortleaf spikesedge (Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb.)

            Low spikesedge (Kyllinga pumila Michx.)

            Fragrant spikesedge (Kyllinga odorata Vahl)

           Halfchaff sedge (Lipocarpha spp.)

            Awned halfchaff sedge (Lipocarpha aristulata (Coville) G. Tucker)

         Beaksedges (Rhynchospora spp.)

            Anglestem beaksedge (Rhynchospora caduca Ell.)

            Needle beaksedge (Rhynchospora capillacea Torr.)

            Brownish beaksedge (Rhynchospora capitellata (Michx.) Vahl)

            Shortbristle horned beaksedge (Rhynchospora corniculata (Lam.) Gray)

            Globe beaksedge (Rhynchospora globularis (Chapman) Small)

            Clustered beaksedge (Rhynchospora glomerata (L.) Vahl)

            Tall horned beaksedge (Rhynchospora macrostachya Torr. ex Gray)

          Bulrushes (Schoenoplectus spp.)

             Hardstem bulrush (Schoenoplectus acutus (Muhl. ex Bigelow) A.& D. L÷ve)

            Chairmaker's or American bulrush (Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Volk. ex Schinz & R. Keller)

            California bulrush (Schoenoplectus californicus (C.A. Mey.) Palla)

            Hall's bulrush (Schoenoplectus hallii (Gray) S.G. Sm.)

            Slender bulrush (Schoenoplectus heterochaetus (Chase) Soják)

            Bulrush (Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye)

            Rocky Mountain bulrush (Schoenoplectus saximontanus (Fern.) Raynal)

            Softstem bulrush (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla)

          Nutrush (Scleria spp.)

            Low nutrush (Scleria verticillata Muhl. ex Willd.)

          Bulrushes (Scirpus spp.)

            Green bulrush (Scirpus atrovirens Willd.)

            Woolgrass (Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth)

            Drooping bulrush (Scirpus lineatus Michx.)

            Rufous bulrush (Scirpus pendulus Muhl.)

Sundews (Droseraceae)

            Annual sundew (Drosera annua E.L. Reed)  

Wood Fern (Dryopteridaceae)

            Sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis L.)

Waterworts (Elatinaceae)

            Texas bergia (Bergia texana (Hook.) Seub. ex Walp.)

Blueberries (Ericaece)            

           Maleberry (Lyonia ligustrina (L.) DC.)

Pipeworts (Eriocaulaceae)

            Ten-angle pipewort (Eriocaulon decangulare L.)

            Dwarf pipewort (Eriocaulon koernickianum van Heurck & Muell.-Arg.) 

Legumes (Fabaceae) 

            False indigo (Amorpha spp.)

            False indigo (Amorpha fruticosa L.)

            Panicled false indigo (Amorpha paniculata Torr. & Gray)

            Groundhut (Apios sp.)

            Groundhut (Apios americana Medik.)

            Sesbania (Sesbania sp.)

            Bigpod sesbania (Sesbania herbacea (P. Mill.) McVaugh)

            Wisteria (Wisteria sp.) 

            American wisteria (Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.)

Oaks (Fagaceae)

            Overcup oak (Quercus lyrata Walt.)

            Water oak (Quercus nigra L.)

            Willow oak (Quercus phellos L.)

Gentains (Gentianaceae)            
 
           Soapwort gentian (Gentiana saponaria L.)

Gooseberry (Grossulariaceae)

             Virginia sweetspire (Itea virginica L.)

Water-milfoil (Haloragaceae) 

          Watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spp.)

            Parrot feather (Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.)

            Two-leaf watermilfoil (Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx.)

            Green parrot’s feather  (Myriophyllum pinnatum (Walt.) B.S.P.)

          Mermaidweed (Proserpinaca sp.)

            Mermaidweed (Proserpinaca palustris L.)

Gums (Hamamelidaceae)

            Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.)

Frog-bits (Hydrocharitaceae) 
         

         Brazilian waterweed (Egeria sp.)

            Brazilian waterweed (Egeria densa Planch.)

          Anacharis (Elodea sp.)

            American waterweed or anacharis (Elodea canadensis Michx.)


Waterleaf (Hydrophyllaceae)

            False fiddleleaf (Hydrolea ovata Nutt. ex Choisy)

            One-flower fiddleleaf (Hydrolea uniflora Raf.)

Irises (Iridaceae)  

            Virginia iris (Iris virginica L.)

Hickories (Juglandaceae)
 
            Water hickory (Carya aquatica (Michx. f.) Nutt.)

Rushes (Juncaceae)

            Tapertip rush (Juncus acuminatus Michx.)

            Baltic rush (Juncus balticus Willd.)

            Whiteroot rush (Juncus brachycarpus Engelm.)

            Toad rush (Juncus bufonius L.)

            Leathery rush (Juncus coriaceus Mackenzie)

            Slimpod rush (Juncus diffusissimus Buckl.)

            Common rush (Juncus effusus L.)

            Grassleaf rush (Juncus marginatus Rostk.)

            Creeping rush (Juncus repens Michx.)

            Needlepod rush (Juncus scirpoides Lam.)

            Torrey's rush (Juncus torreyi Coville)

            Roundhead rush (Juncus validus Coville)  

Mints (Lamiaceae)

          Horehounds (Lycopus spp.)

American water horehound (Lycopus americanus Muhl. ex W. Bart.)

            Taperleaf water horehound (Lycopus rubellus Moench)

            Northern bugleweed (Lycopus uniflorus Michx.)

            Virginia water horehound (Lycopus virginicus L.)           

          Spearmint (Mentha sp.)

            Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.)

          Dragonhead (Physostegia sp.)

            Narrowleaf false dragonhead (Physostegia angustifolia Fern.)

         Lanceleaf sage (Satureja sp.)

            Lanceleaf sage (Satureja arkansana (Nutt.) Briq.)  

            Skullcap (Scutellaria sp.)

            Blue skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora L.)

Duckweeds (Lemnaceae) 

          Duckweeeds (Lemna spp.)

             Lesser duckweed (Lemna aequinoctialis Welw.)

             Common duckweed (Lemna minor L.)

             Little duckweed (Lemna obscura (Austin) Daubs)

             Minute duckweed (Lemna perpusilla Torr.)

             Turion duckweed (Lemna turionifera Landolt)

             Duckweed (Lemna valdiviana Phil.)

          Duckmeat (Spirodela spp.)

             Common duckmeat (Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid.)

          Watermeal (Wolffia spp.)

             Brazilian watermeal (Wolffia braziliensis Weddell)

             Watermeal (Wolffia columbiana Karst.)

          Mudmidget (Wolfiella spp.)

            Mudmidget (Wolffiella gladiata (Hegelm.) Hegelm.)

Bladderworts (Lentibulariaceae)
 

             Humped bladderwort (Utricularia gibba L.)

             Swollen bladderwort (Utricularia inflata Walt.)

             Common bladderwort (Utricularia macrorhiza Le Conte)

             Bladderwort (Utricularia subulata L.)  

Lilies (Liliacaeae)

            Colicroot (Aletris sp.)

            Golden colicroot (Aletris aurea Walt.)

            Spiderlily (Hymenocallis spp.)

            Carolina spiderlily (Hymenocallis caroliniana (L.) Herbert)

            Spiderlily (Hymenocallis liriosome (Raf.) Shinners)           

            Bunchflower (Melanthium sp.)

          
Virginia bunchflower (Melanthium virginicum L.)

Logania (Loganiaceae)

            Lax hornpod (Mitreola petiolata (J.F. Gmel.) Torr. & Gray)

            Swamp hornpod (Mitreola sessilifolia (J.F. Gmel.) G. Don)

Loosestrife (Lythraceae)

            Loosestrife (Lysimachia sp.)

            Loosestrife (Lysimachia terrestris (L.) B.S.P.)

          Loosestrife (Lythrum sp.)

            Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria L.)

Mallows (Malvaceae)

            Halberleaf rosemallow (Hibiscus laevis All.) 

            Rosemallow (Hibiscus moscheutos L.)

Alligator-flag (Marantaceae)

            Powdery alligator-flag (Thalia dealbata Fraser ex Roscoe)

Water fern (Marsileaceae)

            Hairy water clover (Marsilea mucronata A. Braun)

            American pillwort (Pilularia americana A. Braun) 

Floating hearts (Menyanthaceae)

            Yellow floatingheart (Nymphoides peltata (Gmel.) Kuntze)

Carpet weeds (Molluginaceae) 

            Glinus (Glinus radiatus (Ruiz & Pavón) Rohrb.)

Water-nymphs (Najadaceae) 

            Southern water nymph (Najas guadalupensis (Spreng.) Magnus)

Water lotus (Nelumbonaceae)

            American water lotus (Nelumbo lutea Willd.)

Waterlilies (Nymphaceae)

            White waterlily (Nymphaea odorata Ait.)

Tupeloes (Nyssacae)

            Blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica Marsh) 

Grapefern (Ophioglossaceae)

            Southern addertongue (Ophioglossum vulgatum L.) 

Ashes (Oleaceae)

            Swampprivet (Forestiera acuminata (Michx.) Poir.)  

Evening primroses (Onagraceae)

          Willowherb (Epilobium sp.)

            Purpleleaf willowherb (Epilobium coloratum Biehler)

            Seedbox (Ludwigia spp.)

            Seedbox (Ludwigia alternifolia L.)

            Wingleaf primrose-willow (Ludwigia decurrens Walt.)

            Cylindricfruit primrose_willow (Ludwigia glandulosa Walt.)

            Spindleroot (Ludwigia hirtella Raf.)

            Anglestem primrose-willow (Ludwigia leptocarpa (Nutt.) Hara)

            Marsh seedbox (Ludwigia palustris (L.) Ell.)

            Floating primrose-willow (Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) Raven)

            Creeping primrose-willow (Ludwigia repens J.R. Forst.)  

Orchids (Orchidaceae)

            Helleborine (Epipactis sp.)
      
           
Chatterbox orchid (Epipactis gigantea Dougl. ex Hook.)

            Bog orchids (Habenaria sp. and Platanthera sp.)

            Waterspider bog orchid (Habenaria repens Nutt)   

            Green-fringed orchid (Platanthera lacera (Michx.) G. Don)

             Ladies’-tresses (Spiranthes spp.)

            Marsh ladies’-tresses (Spiranthes odorata (Nutt.) Lindl.)

            Nodding ladies’-tresses (Spiranthes cernua (L.) L.C. Rich.)  

Royal Fern (Osmundaceae)

            Cinammon fern (Osmunda cinnamomea L.)

            Royal fern (Osmunda regalis L.)

Sycamore (Platanaceae)

            Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.)

Grasses (Poaceae)

          Foxtail (Alopecurus sp.)

            Carolina foxtail (Alopecurus carolinianus Walt.)

          Cane (Arundinaria spp.)

            Giant cane (Arundinaria gigantea (Walt.) Muhl.)

          Sandreed (Calamovilfa spp.)

            Cumberland sandreed (Calamovilfa arcuata K.E. Rogers)

          Barnyard grass (Echinochloa spp.)

            Link jungle rice (Echinochloa colona (L.) Link)

            Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.)

          Lovegrass (Eragrostis spp.)

            Teal lovegrass (Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) B.S.P.)

          Managrass (Glyceria spp.)

            Arkansas mannagrass (Glyceria arkansana Fern.)

            Floating mannagrass (Glyceria septentrionalis A.S. Hitchc.)

            Fowl mannagrass (Glyceria striata (Lam.) A.S. Hitchc.)

          Cutgrass (Leersia spp.)

            Catchfly grass (Leersia lenticularis Michx.)

            Rice cutgrass (Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw.)

            Virginia cutgrass (Leersia virginica Willd.)

          Muhly (Muhlenbergia sp.)

            Scratchgrass (Muhlenbergia asperifolia (Nees & Meyen ex Trin.) Parodi)

          Lovegrass (Neeragrostis spp.)

            Creeping lovegrass (Neeragrostis reptans (Michx.) Nicora) 

          Panic-grass (Panicum spp.)

            Fall panicgrass (Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.)

            Redtop panicgrass (Panicum rigidulum Bosc ex Nees)

            Warty panicgrass (Panicum verrucosum Muhl.)

          Knotgrass (Paspalum spp.)

            Crowngrass (Paspalum dissectum (L.) L.)

            Knotgrass (Paspalum distichum L.)

            Horsetail paspalum (Paspalum fluitans (Ell.) Kunth)

            Hairyseed paspalum (Paspalum pubiflorum Rupr. ex Fourn.)

          Canarygrass (Phlaris spp.)

            Reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.)

            Carolina canarygrass (Palaris caroliniana Walt.)

          Reed (Phragmites sp.)

            Common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.)

          Rabbitsfoot (Polypogon sp.)

            Rabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf.)

          Plumegrass (Saccharum spp.)

            Narrow plumegrass (Saccharum baldwinii Spreng.)

            Sugarcane plumegrass (Saccharum giganteum (Walt.) Pers.)

          Cordgrass (Spartina spp.)

            Prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata Bosc ex Link)

          Cutgrass (Zizaniopsis sp.)

            Giant cutgrass (Zizaniopsis miliacea (Michx.) Doell & Aschers)

Riverweed (Podostemaceae)

            Riverweed (Podostemum ceratophyllum Michx.)

Smartweeds (Polygonaceae)

            Marshpepper knotweed (Polygonum hydropiper L.)

            Swamp smartweed (Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx.)

            Nodding smartweed (Polygonum lapathifolium L.) 

            Dotted smartweed (Polygonum punctatum Ell.)

            Arrowleaf tearthumb (Polygonum sagittatum L.)

            Dock (Rumex verticillatus L.)

Mudplantains (Pontederiaceae)

          Mudplantain (Heterenthera sp.)

            Blue mudplantain (Heteranthera limosa (Sw.) Willd.)

          Pickerelweed (Pontederia sp.)

            Pickerelweed (Pontederia cordata L.) 

Pondweeds (Potamogetonaceae)

             Pondweed (Potamogeton spp.)

            Largeleaf pondweed (Potamogeton amplifolius Tuckerman)

            Curly pondweed (Potamogeton crispus L.)

            Waterthread pondweed (Potamogeton diversifolius Raf.)

            Illinois pondweed (Potamogeton illinoensis Morong)

            Leafy pondweed (Potamogeton foliosus Raf.)

            Longleaf pondweed (Potamogeton nodosus Poir.)

            Spotted pondweed (Potamogeton pulcher Tuckerman)

            Small pondweed (Potamogeton pusillus L.)

          Sago pondweed (Stuckenia sp.)

            Sago pondweed (Stuckenia pectinatus (L.) Boerner)

Primroses (Primulaceae)

          Featherfoil (Hottonia sp.)

            American featherfoil (Hottonia inflata Ell.)

            Loosestrife (Lysimachia sp.)

            Loosestrife (Lysimachia terrestris (L.) B.S.P.)

         Brookweed (Samolus sp.)

            Limewater brookweed (Samolus ebracteatus Kunth)

            Seaside brookweed (Samolus valerandi L.)

Buttercups (Ranunculaceae)

            Yellow water buttercup (Ranunculus flabellaris Raf.)

            Mississippi buttercup (Ranunculus laxicaulis (Torr. & Gray) Darby)

            Longbeak buttercup (Ranunculus longirostris Godr.)

            Low spearwort (Ranunculus pusillus Poir.)

            Cursed buttercup (Ranunculus sceleratus L.)

Hawthorn (Rosaceae)

            Green hawthorn (Crataegus viridis L.)

Madder (Rubiaceae) 

            Buttonbush  (Cephalanthus spp.)

            Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis L.) 

          Buttonweed (Diodia sp.)

            Virginia buttonweed (Diodia virginiana L.)

         Bedstraw (Galium sp.)

            Bluntleaf bedstraw (Galium obtusum Bigelow)

            Stiff bedstraw (Galium tinctorium L.)

            Bluets (Oldenlandia sp.)

Bosc's bluet (Oldenlandia boscii (DC.) Chapman.

           One-flowered bluet (Oldenlandia uniflora L.)

Widgeongrass (Ruppiaceae)

            Widgeongrass (Ruppia maritima L.) 

Willows (Saliacaeae)

            Cottonwood (Populus sp.)

            Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.)

            Willow (Salix spp.)

            Peachleaf willow (Salix amygdaloides Anderss)

            Carolina willow (Salix caroliniana Michx.)

            Sandbar willow (Salix exigua Nutt.)

            Black willow (Salix nigra L.) 

Lizard's tail (Saururaceae)

            Lizard's tail (Saururus cernuus L.)

Saxifrages (Saxifragaceae)

            Grass of Parnassus (Parnassia grandifolia DC.)

Snapdragons (Scrophulariaceae)

          Waterhyssop (Bacopa sp.)

            Waterhyssop (Bacopa rotundifolia (Michx.) Wettst.)

          Hedgehyssop (Gratiola sp.)

            Sticky hedgehyssop (Gratiola brevifolia Raf.)

            Clammy hedgehyssop (Gratiola neglecta Torr.)

            Shaggy hedgehyssop (Gratiola pilosa Michx.)

            Roundfruit hedgehyssop (Gratiola virginiana L.)

          False pimpernel (Lindernia sp.)

            Clasping false pimpernel (Lindernia anagallidea (Michx.) Pennell)

            Yellowseed false pimpernel (Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell)

            Axilflower (Mercardonia sp.)

            Axilflower (Mecardonia acuminata (Walt.) Small)

            Monkeyflower (Mimulus spp.)

            Sharpwing monkeyflower (Mimulus alatus Ait.)

            Allegheny monkeyflower (Mimulus ringens L.)

            Speedwell (Veronica sp.)

            Water speedwell (Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.)

Bur-reed (Sparganiaceae) 

            American bur-reed (Sparganium americanum Nutt.)

            Branched bur-reed (Sparganium androcladum (Engelm.) Morong)

            Broadfruit bur-reed (Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. ex Gray)

Snowbells (Styraceae) 

            American snowbell (Styrax americanus Lam.)

Saltcedar (Tamaricaceae)

            Saltcedar (Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb.)

            China tamarisk (Tamarix chinensis Lour.)

Swamp cypress (Taxodiaceae)

            Bald cypress (Taxodium distichum (L.) L.C.)

Cattails (Typhaceae)

            Narrowleaf cattail (Typha angustifolia L.)

            Southern cattail (Typha domingensis Pers.)

            Broadleaf cattail (Typha latifolia)

Elms (Ulmaceae)

            Water elm (Planera aquatica J.F. Gmel.)

Vervain (Verbenaceae)

          Frogfruit (Phyla spp.)

            Wedgeleaf frogfruit (Phyla cuneifolia (Torr.) Greene)

            Lanceleaf frogfruit (Phyla lanceolata (Michx.) Greene)

            Turkey tangle frogfruit (Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene)
           
             Verbena (Verbena sp.)

            Swamp verbena (Verbena hastata L.)  

Horned pondweeds (Zannichelliaceae) 

            Horned pondweed (Zannichellia palustris L.)

 




Last update: 3/02/04
Comments to : Bruce Hoagland

bhoagland@ou.edu

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